The 2009 Framework defines the joint Dutch national learning outcomes to be attained by medical students after completing their three-year master programme in medicine. The Framework thus helps to guarantee to society at large and to patients in particular that medical graduates who are starting out as practitioners have attained a certain professional level. This level is the aggregate of the physicians’ target profile, physicians’ (sub-) competencies to be achieved and the list of issues relating to illness and health. In addition, the Framework also defines the profile of the bachelor and the learning outcomes of the bachelor programme in medicine. (Laan RFJM, Leunissen RRM, Herwaarden CLA van. The 2009 framework for undergraduate medical education in the Netherlands. Netherlands Journal of Medical Education 2010;29(1):10–15)